{"tags":[{"tag":"textarea","content":"In relational dbms, it is used to\n- Reduce redundancy \/ duplications\n- Increase speed of transactions\n- Improves integrity\n- mostly used 1NF, 2NF, 3NF\n\n1 NF:\n- First normal form\n- Each cell contains single value\n- Each row is unique\n\n2NF:\n- Second normal form\n- Database must be in 1NF\n- Separata table for values that occur frequently in multiple rows for same column\n- Make sure to connect the separate table with a foreign key\n\n3NF:\n- Third normal form\n- Database must be in 2NF\n- If a column in a table does not depend on that table's primary key, \n\tthen separate that unrelated column\n- Make sure to connect the separate table with a foreign key","code_language":"whatever"}]}

{"tags":[{"tag":"textarea","content":"The process of bringing values into a standard range so that data\nretains intrinsic influence on models without involving bias to the model.\nHelps to reduce overfitting for large values that produce large \nparameters\/co-efficients in models. ways of normalizations\n1) feature-scaling\n2) min-max\n3) Z-score","code_language":"whatever"}]}

To divide each of the components of a normal by the square root of the sum of their squares. Then, if the normal is thought of as a vector from the origin to the point (nx', ny', nx'), this vector has unit length:
nx' = nx/factor
ny' = ny/factor
nz' = nz/factor

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\frac{value - min}{max - min}