Contoh Soal UTBK SNPMBLoneliness and social isolation in older adults are serious public health risks affecting a significant number of people in the United States and putting them at risk for dementia and other serious medical conditions. A report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) points out that more than one-third of adults aged 45 and older feel lonely, and nearly one-fourth of adults aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated. Older adults are at increased risk for loneliness and social isolation because they are more likely to face factors such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and hearing loss.

Although it’s hard to measure social isolation and loneliness precisely, there is strong evidence that many adults aged 50 and older are socially isolated or lonely in ways that put their health at risk. Recent studies found that social isolation significantly increased a person’s risk of premature death from all causes, a risk that may rival those of smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Poor social relationships (characterized by social isolation or loneliness) was also associated with a 29% increased risk of heart disease. Loneliness among heart failure patients was associated with a nearly 4 times increased risk of death, 68% increased risk of hospitalization, and 57% increased risk of emergency department visits.

1. The writer's intention in writing the passage is to ....
a. disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in the elderly
b. encourage people to be more concerned about the elderly who are lonely and socially isolated
c. prove that the elderly experiencing loneliness and social isolation actually exist in the United States
d. convey the pain and sadness experienced by lonely and socially isolated elderly based on research
e. tell about the loneliness and unhappiness felt by the elderly who are socially isolated, as well as research findings

2. To whom is the text likely addressed?
a. Families staying with elderly
b. People living around elderly
c. Pensioners who have just left their jobs
d. Senior citizens living alone in the suburbs
e. Employers having old workers in their companies

3. From the last paragraph, we can infer that …
a. Those who experience loneliness may develop heart disease.
b. Feeling lonely aggravates the heart condition of the elderly.
c. Heart disease is the worst ailment that a lonely older person will suffer from.
d. The older people get, the more lonely they will feel.
e. Loneliness and social isolation that people experience makes them unable to survive.