Past Simple and Present Perfect

Dear Tommy,

I have been in Jakarta for two months now, but I haven't seen the Monas Monument yet. Yesterday I wentto Tanah Abang and Ibought you some beautiful shirts. I still haven't gone to Mangga dua yet, either.

I have hada lot of trouble since Igot here. In Tanah Abang, one awful day, two teenagers stole my purse. Since that day, I have beena lot more careful than Iwas when I lived in Singapore.

Last night, I took a cab to Taman Ismail Marzuki, and the driver gave me a real scare! He drove dangerously, and he did not slow downwhen Itold him to. I didn't give him a tip, so he swore at me. I used to be quiet before I leftSingapore andcame here, but I screamed last night, and it felt good! Screaming in Jakarta helps sometimes. I have changeda lot since Iarrived here last December.

Haveyouheard from Dad recently? I haven't had a letter from him for several weeks. I hope he's okay. How haveyoubeen lately? Haveyoudone your homework yet? Don't put it off!.

Anyway, take care of yourself. As for me, I was sick for a week last month, but I'm better now. I caught the flu one day after I went out for a walk without a hat. I hope you haven't caught the flu or anything so far! It's awful to be sick and miss classes at school!

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Explication

Past simpleadalahtense atau bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi/keadaan yang dimulai dan selesai di masa lampau dari saat pernyataan diutarakan.

Konstruksi kalimat yang menggunakan past simple adalah:

(+) Subject + preterite (v₂)

(-) Subject + did not (didn't) + base verb (v₁)

Contoh:

• I went to school yesterday.
• They watched TV last night.
• We didn't visit the museum two days ago.

Penanda waktu untuk past simple antara lain:

• yesterday
• this morning
• just now
• last ...
• ... ago

Present perfect adalah tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi/keadaan yang dimulai di suatu waktu di masa lampau dan tidak penting sudah selesai atau belum, atau hasil dari aksi tersebut konsekuensi atau hasilnyadimasa sekarang.

Konstruksi kalimat yang menggunakan present perfect adalah:

(+) Subject + have/has + past participle (v₃)

(-) Subject + have/has not (haven't/hasn't) + past participle (v₃)

Penanda penggunaan present perfect adalah:

• since ...
• for ...
• just
• already
• yet
• never
• ever
• ada jumlah hal yang dilakukan

Contoh:

• I have lived in Jakarta since 2012.
• We have played the games twice since we bought it.
• He hasn't seen Mary for two days.
• I have just finished cooking.
• The guest has just already left.
• They haven't seen the film yet.
• She has called you five times.

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Pelajari lebih lanjut:

• Past Simple-yomemimo.com/tugas/21843406
• Present perfect-yomemimo.com/tugas/15279381
• Past Simple vs Present Perfect-yomemimo.com/tugas/21975848

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Details

Year: 9

Subject: English

Category: Grammar - Tenses

Sub-category: Past, present and future tenses

Code: 9.5.5

Keywords: past simple, Present perfect