Identify the functions of the underlined noun phrases by writing the appropriate abbreviation in the parentheses after them.

S (subject), Od (direct object), Oi (indirect object), PCs (subjective predicative), PCo (objective predicative), Ax (axis), PrM (pre-head modifier), A (Adjunct)

1. A survey of social trends in Britain (S) was published last year (A).

2. More and more britons (S) are living alone, despite the Goverment's emphasis on family (PrM) values.

3. In 1987, Britain, with Portugal (A), had the highest marriage rate (Ax) within the European Community (Ax).

4. However, along with Denmark (A), it (S) also had the highest divorce rate (Ax).

5. Women (S) are drinking more alcohol (Od) than men.

6. More people (S) are taking more holidays (Od).

7. In 1988, Blackpool Pleasure Beach (S) was the most popular free tourist (PrM) attraction while Madame Tassaud's was the most popular paid-for attraction (Ax).

8. In 1988, 62 percent of girls (S) left school (Od) with at least on GCSE grade A-C (PCs), compared to 54 percent of boys (Ax).

9. In 1988, 16 of the High Court and circuit judges (Ax) were women (Od).

10. The survey will give social scientist (Oi) ideas for further research (Od).

Pembahasan

1. Subject (S): orang atau sesuatu yang dibicarakan dalam klausa atau kalimat.

Contoh:

• I like pizza.
• He is an architect.

2. Direct object (Od): sesuatu yang menjadi tindakan dari subjek.

Contoh:

• I eat noodle.
• They play football.

3. Indirect object (Oi): penerima tindakan yang dilakukan subjek.

Contoh:

• He gave me some money.
• They tell her a secret.

4. Subjective predicative (PCs): Kata-kata dalam fungsi ini terjadi setelah sejumlah kata kerja dalam bentuk passive voice. Mereka memodifikasi subjek kalimat, yang diekspresikan dengan kata benda yang pada umumnya ditunjukkan dengan as, an adjective, infinitive, ing-form, dan sebuah participle.

Contoh:

• The cat was found wounded.
• She was appointed secretary of the class.

5. Objective Predicative (PCo): Kata-kata dalam fungsi ini terjadi setelah sejumlah kata kerja dalam kalimat aktif. Mereka memodifikasi objek kalimat, yang diekspresikan dengan kata benda, yang ditunjukkan dengan as, an adjective, infinitive, ing-form, dan sebuah participle.

Contoh:

• They painted the wall white.
• I saw a man walking on the street.

6. Axis (Ax): Frasa kata benda yang strukturnya memerlukan perluasan.

7. Pre-head modifier (PrM): modifier yang mendahului kepala frasa kata benda.

Contoh:

• Broken heart
• A beautiful lady

8. Adjunct (A): kata, frasa, atau klausa yang dapat dihilangkan dalam kalimat tanpa membuat tata bahasanya salah. Biasanya adjunct berupa kata keterangan yang digunakan untuk memodifikasi kata kerja, yang biasanya menunjukkan waktu, cara, tempat, frekuensi, alasan, atau derajat.

Contoh:

• Here I met my husband for the first time.
• Every morning, she rides her bike to school.

Pelajari lebih lanjut

1. Perbedaan dan contoh direct dan indirect object: yomemimo.com/tugas/21619662

2. Tentang pre-head modifier: yomemimo.com/tugas/12711753

3. Subjek plural dan jamak: yomemimo.com/tugas/3969996

Detail jawaban

Kelas: 12

Mapel: Bahasa Inggris

Bab: Part of Speech

Kode: 12.5

Kata kunci: subject, direct, object, indirect, subjective, predicative, objective, axis, pre-head, modifier, adjunct