Jawaban:

1. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater, which makes the water unsafe for human consumption or aquatic life.

2. Various sources can degrade the water quality, such as industrial waste, sewage, agricultural runoff, oil spills, chemicals, and fertilizers. All these sources contain harmful substances that can contaminate the water and cause harm to living organisms that rely on it.

3. Agriculture can have a significant impact on water pollution. The use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers can contribute to runoff and leaching into nearby water sources, leading to eutrophication and algal blooms, which deplete oxygen levels and suffocate aquatic life.

4. The causes of water pollution can be classified into point source pollution and non-point source pollution. Point source pollution comes from a specific location, such as industrial discharge pipes or sewage treatment plants. Non-point source pollution, on the other hand, is caused by the runoff of pollutants from diffuse sources like agricultural lands, construction sites, and urban areas.

5. Water pollution harms the environment by damaging ecosystems, reducing biodiversity, and disrupting natural processes. The presence of toxic substances can harm aquatic organisms, including fish, amphibians, and insects, and ultimately impact the entire food chain. Additionally, water pollution can affect the quality of air and soil, posing a threat to human health and well-being.

6. Water pollution can lead to a range of diseases, including cholera, typhoid, dysentery, and hepatitis. These diseases can cause severe illness and even death, particularly in developing countries where access to clean water is limited.

7. There are several solutions to water pollution, including reducing the use of harmful chemicals and pesticides, improving wastewater treatment, implementing sustainable farming practices, and investing in green infrastructure such as wetlands and green roofs. Additionally, raising awareness and educating the public on the importance of water conservation and pollution prevention can help mitigate the issue.

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