Jawaban:

present tense adalah tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kebenaran, umum, suatu kebiasaan, atau fakta.

rumus yang digunakan:

1) nominal present tense (tidak membutuhkan kata kerja)

subject + auxiliary verb (am/is/are) + noun

2) verbal present tense (membutuhkan kata kerja)

subject + v1

past tense adalah tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang berlangsung di waktu lampau dan telah selesai.

rumus yang digunakan:

1) nominal past tense

subject + auxiliary verb (was/were) + noun

2) verbal past tense

subject + v2 (past verb)

yang membedakan antara present tense dan past tense adalah adverb, baik adverb of time maupun adverb of frequency.

contoh kalimat dari present tense (pe) menjadi past tense (pa)

1) pe = I am a student.

pa = I was a student two years ago.

2) pe = She writes a letter every month.

pa = She wrote a letter last week.

3) pe = He plays football every Sunday afternoon.

pa = He played football last Sunday afternoon.

4) pe = The students study biology in the laboratory.

pa = The students studied biology in the laboratory this morning.

5) pe = They are my classmates.

pa = They were my classmates five years ago.

6) pe = The baby drinks a bottle of milk.

pa = The baby drank a bottle of milk an hour ago.

7) pe = My mother prepares the breakfast every morning.

pa = My mother prepared the breakfast this morning.