Dalam bahasa Inggris, tenses dapat dibagi menjadi 3 kategori:

• Past Tense (masa lalu)
• Present Tense (masa sekarang)
• Future Tense (masa depan)

Dari ketiga kategori diatas, dapat dibagi menjadi 4 kategori lagi:

• Simple Tense Form
• Continuous Tense Form
• Perfect Tense Form
• Perfect Continuous Tense Form

Nah, dari keempat kategori diatas, ada berbagai macam.

Simple Tense

1. Simple Present Tense - digunakan untuk merujuk pada peristiwa, tindakan, dan kondisi yang sedang terjadi sekarang
   (+) Subject + V1
   I eat my sandwich
   (-) Subject + Do/does + not + V1
   I do not eat meat
   (?) Do/Does + Subject + V1
   Do you look beautiful?
   
2. Simple Past Tense - Menggambarkan tindakan yang terjadi sebelum waktu sekarang dan tidak lagi terjadi.
   (+) Subject + V2
   You spoke really well
   (-) Subject + Did not + V1
   You did not speak really well.
   (?) Did + Subject + V1
   Did you speak well?
   
   Ingat, jika di awal kalimat sudah ada 'did', maka V2 akan berubah menjadi V1.
   
3. Simple Future Tense - Menggambarkan tindakan yang terjadi di masa depan
   (+) Subject + will + V1
   I will read my book tomorrow.
   (-) Subject + will not + V1
   I will not read my book tomorrow.
   (?) Will + subject + V1
   Willyouread the book tomorrow?

Continuous Tense

1. Present Continuous Tense - menunjukkan tindakan yang sedang berlangsung.
   (+) Subject + is/am/are + V-ing
   I am reading a newspaper.
   (-) Subject + is/am/are + not + V-ing
   I am not reading a newspaper.
   (?) Is/am/are + Subject + not + V-ing
   Areyoureading a newspaper?
   
2. Past Continuous Tense - Peristiwa yang sedang terjadi di masa lalu dan sudah selesai.
   (+) Subject + was/were + V-ing
   I was listening to the news.
   (-) Subject + was/were + not + V-ing
   I was not listening to the news.
   (?) Subject + was/were + V-ing
   Were you listening to the news?
   
3. Future Continuous Tense - Untuk merujuk padaperistiwa sementarayang akan berlangsungpada waktu tertentu dimasa depan.
   (+) Subject + will + be + V-ing
   Balu will be performing at the International event in Australia.
   (-) Subject + will not + be + V-ing
   Balu will not be performing at the International event in Australia.
   (?) Will + Subject + be + V-ing
   Will Balu be performing at the International event in Australia?

Perfect Tense

1. Present Perfect Tense - Tindakan yang baru saja terjadi di masa lalu dan memiliki efek di masa sekarang.
   (+) Subject + have/has + V3
   I have finished my work.
   (-) Subject + have/has + not + V3
   I have not finished my work.
   (?) Have/has + Subject + V3
   Have you everbeento Malaysia?
   
2. Past Perfect Tense - Menyatakan bahwa satu tindakan terjadi sebelum tindakan lain di masa lalu
   (+) Subject + had + V3
   I had completed my assignment before everyone else even started.
   (-) Subject + had + not + V3
   I had not completed my assignment even after everyone else has completed it.
   (?) Had + Subject + V3
   Had Brian and Courtney arrived when I called you yesterday?
   
3. Future Perfect Tense - Peristiwa yang akan berakhir dalam waktu tertentu di masa depan.
   (+) Subject + will + have + V3
   They will have dressed up by the time you reach home.
   (-) Subject + will + not + have + V3
   They will not have dressed up by the time you reach home.
   (?) Will + subject + have + V3
   Willtheyhave painted the house before the guests arrived?

Perfect Continuous Tense

1. Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut di masa sekarang.
   (+) Subject + have/has + been + V-ing
   I have been working on this project for a week.
   (-) Subject + have/has + not + been + V-ing
   I have not been working on this project for a week.
   (?) Have/has + subject + been + V-ing
   Has she been working on the project?
   
2. Past Perfect Continuous Tense - Situasi yang berlanjut untuk jangka waktu tertentu sebelum sebuah situasi lain terjadi di masa lalu
   (+) Subject + had been + V-ing
   I had been cooking my mom’s favourite dish when she walked into the kitchen.
   (-) Subject + had not been + V-ing
   He had not been cooking his mom’s favourite dish when she walked into the kitchen.
   (?) Had + subject + been + V-ing
   Had they been cooking their mom’s favourite dish when she walked into the kitchen?
   
3. Future Perfect Continuous Tense - Tindakan yang akan berlanjut hingga titik waktu tertentu di masa depan.
   (+) Subject + will + have + been + V-ing
   In January, I will have been living in San Francisco for ten years.
   (-) Subject + will + have not + been + V-ing
   In January, I will have not been living in San Francisco for ten years.
   (?) Will + subject + have + been + V-ing
   How long will she have been playing the piano when she graduates?

Sekian, semoga membantu dan bermanfaat.