DIRECT-INDIRECT SPEECH

1. A salary raise has just been announced {by the board of directors}

2. The book was written {by the writer} in 1985

3. Some college students are given {by the city of government}

atau

Scholarships are given {by the city of government} to some college students.

4. My shirt was being sewn {by my mother} when my elder brother came.

5. My job will be finished {by me} later at 4 p.m

6. Some evergreen trees are going to be planted {by my friends and me} next month

7. Some books were taken {by him} before he left his room.

8. The lesson is being explained {by Mrs. Brown} when we come

9. We were served {by the servant} well last night.

Explanation

Passive voice, menitikberatkan pada aksi dan obyek (si penerima aksi) sebagai pemberitaan utama.

Obyek dalam kalimat active berubah posisi menjadi subyek dalam kalimat passive. Subyek (si pelaku aksi) dalam kalimat active diletakkan sebagai obyek preposisi (by Agent) dalam kalimat passive dan bahkan tidak dimunculkan.

Pola utama passive voice adalah penggunaan Be+Verb³

Pembahasaan pertanyaan

1. Present Perfect tense

• Active=> S+has/have+V3+O

The board of directors have just announced a salary raise.

• Passive=> S+has/have+been+V3+by+Agent

A salary raise has just been announced by the board of directors

Note :

• A salary raise=>abstract, a singular uncountable noun

2. Simple Past tense

• Active=>S+V2+O

The writer wrote the book in 1985.

• Passive=>S+was/were+V3+by+Agent

The book was written by the writer in 1985

Note

• The book=>a singular countable noun

3. Simple Present tense

• Active=>S+verb¹(s/es)+O

The city government of Bandung gives some college students scholarships.

• Passive=>S+is/am/are+V3+by+Agent

Some college students are given by the city of government.

atau

Scholarships are given by the city of government to some college students

Note :

• Terdapat 2 objects dlm kalimat active, direct object dan indirect object.
• Some college students=>A plural countable noun.
• Scholarships =>a plural countable noun

4. Past Continuous tense

• Active=>S+was/were+verb-ing+O

My mother was sewing my shirt when my elder brother came.

• Passive=>S+was/were+being+V3+by+Agent

My shirt was being sewn by my mother when my elder brother came

Note :

• My shirt=>a singular countable noun

5. Simple Future "will"

• Active=>S+will+Verb1+O

I will finish my job later at 4 pm

• Passive=>S+will+be+V3+by+Agent

My job will be finished by me later at 4 p.m

6. Simple Future "be going to"

• Active=>S+is/am/are+going to+V1+O

My friends and I are going to plant some evergreen trees next month.

• Passive=>S+is/am/are+going to+be+V3+by Agent

Some evergreen trees are going to be planted by my friends and me next month

Note

• Some evergreen trees =>A plural countable noon.

7. Simple Past tense

• Active=>S+V2+O

He took some books before he left his room.

• Passive=>S+was/were+V3+by+Agent

Some books were taken by him before he left his room.

Note

Some books=>a plural countable noun

8. Present Continuous tense

• Active=>S+is/am/are+Verb-ing+O

Mrs. Brown is explaining the lesson when we come.

• Passive=>S+is/am/are+being+V3+by+Agent

The lesson is being explained by Mrs. Brown when we come

Note :

The lesson=>a singular countable noun

9. Simple Past tense

• Active=>S+V2+O

The servant of the restaurant served us well last night.

• Passive=>S+was/were+V3+by+Agent

We were served well by the servant last night

Note :

We=>a plural noun

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Learn more about  :

1. Active-Passive voice

yomemimo.com/tugas/10852935

See detail

Level            : Shs   (11)

Subject        : English

Category     : Sentence structure

Sub.Cat. : Passive Voice

Code            : 5

Categorization : 11.5.8

Keywords    : Active ; Passive ; present perfect ; simple past ; simple present ; past continuous ; simple future ; present continuous

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