Jawaban:

1. Rina said that she jogged every morning

2.Leo told me that he visited his uncle in Bali last week

3.My brother told me that his friends will come to our house tomorrow

4.Hani asked me that her mother leave a message for her?

5. My teacher asked me that why did i forgot to submit the homework.

Penjelasan:

Indirect speech is also known as reported speech, indirect narration, or indirect discourse. In grammar, when you report someone else’s statement in your own words without any change in the meaning of the statement, it is called indirect speech.

Quoting a person’s words without using his own word and bringing about any change in the meaning of the statement is reported speech. Look at the following sentences:

Direct Speech: She says, “I am a little bit nervous.”

Indirect Speech: She says that she is a little bit nervous.

In the first sentence, the writer conveys the girl's message using her actual words (e.g., “I am a little bit nervous.”). In the second sentence, the writer conveys her message but in his own words without changing the meaning. Thus, direct and indirect speech each report a person's statement in different ways.

Direct Speech: She says, “I am a little bit nervous.”

Indirect Speech: She says that she is a little bit nervous.

Now consider the different grammatical aspects of both.

Reporting Speech: The first part of the direct speech is called reporting speech (she says).

Reported Speech: The second part of the sentence, which is enclosed in inverted commas or quotation marks, is called reported speech (I am a little bit nervous).

Reporting Verb: The verb of the reporting speech is called the reporting verb (says).

Reported Verb: The verb of the reported speech is called the reported verb (am).

Direct vs. indirect speech: the key differences defined

Direct vs. indirect speech: the key differences defined

The Basic Rules of Direct and Indirect Speech

Before proceeding, you must memorize these rules:

Changes in Person of Pronouns:

First-person pronouns in reported speech are always changed according to the subject of the reporting speech.

Second-person pronouns in reported speech are always changed according to the object of the reporting speech.

Third-person pronouns in reported speech are not changed.

Changes in Verbs:

If the reporting speech is in the present or future tense, then it is not required to change the verb in the reported speech. This verb could be in any tense, i.e., present, past, or future. For example:

Direct Speech: He says, “I am ill.”

Indirect Speech: He says that he is ill.

Direct Speech: She says, “She sang a song.”

Indirect Speech: She says that she sang a song.

Direct Speech: You say, “I shall visit London.”

Indirect Speech: You say that you will visit London.

If the reporting verb is in the past tense, then the reported verb will be changed per the following criterion.

Present indefinite tense is changed into past indefinite tense. For example:

Direct Speech: They said, “They take a walk every day.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they took a walk every day.

Present continuous is changed into past continuous tense.

Direct Speech: They said, “They are taking a walk every day.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they were taking a walk every day.

Present perfect is changed into the past perfect tense.

Direct Speech: They said, “They have taken a walk.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they had taken a walk.

Present perfect continuous tense is changed into past perfect continuous tense.

Direct Speech: They said, “They have been taking a walk since morning.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they had been taking a walk since morning.

Past indefinite is changed into past perfect tense.

Direct Speech: They said, “They took a walk.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they had taken a walk.

Past continuous tense is changed into past perfect continuous tense.

Direct Speech: They said, “They were taking a walk.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they had been taking a walk.

No changes are necessary to change into past perfect and past perfect continuous tenses.

Direct Speech: They said, “They had taken a walk.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they had taken a walk.

In future tense, no changes are made except shall and will are changed into would.

Direct Speech: They said, “They will take a walk.”

Indirect Speech: They said that they would take a walk.