•ᴥ• Materi: Direct dan Indirect Speech

┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄

1. Mother advised me to go to bed early if I wanted to get up on time.
2. Father told me to hurry up if I was late for the class.

Pembahasan

Apa itu Direct and Reported Speech (Indirect)?

Direct Speech (kalimat langsung) merupakan suatu bentuk penyampaian dari pernyataan/pertanyaan/perintah/permintaan/nasihat dari seorang pembicara tanpa ada perubahan apapun. Sedangkan Indirect Speech (kalimat tak langsung) atau Reported Speech merupakan suatu bentuk penyampaian ulang suatu pernyataan/pertanyaan/perintah/permintaan/nasihat dari pihak ketiga di mana terdapat perubahan pada format penyampaiannya. Contoh:

• Direct: Rahdy bilang “Aku akan menyiram bunga di kebun besok”. (Rahdy said “I will water the flowers in the garden”.)
  Indirect: Rahdy bilang bahwa dia akan menyiram bunga di kebun besok. (Anne said that she would water the flowers in the garden.)
• Direct: Anek bertanya pada ku “Mengapa kamu menangis tadi malam?” (Anek asked me “Why did you cry last night?”)
  Indirect: Anek bertanya pada ku mengapa aku menangis tadi malam? (Clark asked me why I cried last night?)

Perubahan Pada Tenses/Bentuk Waktu

•ᴥ• Simple present ➠ Simple past

• Direct: My mom said “You cook chicken porridge well”.
• Indirect: My mom said that I cooked chicken porridge well.

•ᴥ• Simple past ➠ Simple past perfect

• Direct: I said “You drank milk too much”.
• Indirect: I said that you had drunk milk too much.

•ᴥ• Simple present continuous ➠ Simple past continuous

• Direct: He told me “He is going to his grandmother’s house”.
• Indirect: He told me that he was going to his grandmother’s house.

•ᴥ• Simple past continuous ➠ Simple past perfect continuous

• Direct: He told me “He was going to his grandmother’s house”.
• Indirect: He told me that he had been going to his grandmother’s house.

•ᴥ• Simple present perfect ➠ Simple past perfect

• Direct: Tara said to Sisi “You have read this novel.”
• Indirect: Tara said to Sisi that she had read this novel.

•ᴥ• Simple past perfect ➠ Simple past perfect

• Direct: Roni said “My cat had drunk milk”.
• Indirect: Roni said that his cat had drunk milk.

•ᴥ• Simple present future ➠ Simple past future

• Direct: She said “I will go to Bali next month”.
• Indirect: She said that she would go to Bali the following month.

•ᴥ• Simple future continuous ➠ Simple past future continuous

• Direct: He said “I will be using this bike tomorrow”.
• Indirect: He said that he would be using that bike the next day.

Perubahan Pada Keterangan Waktu

• (Direct ⇄ Indirect)
• Now ⇄ Then
• Today ⇄ That day
• Yesterday ⇄ The day before/The previous day
• Tomorrow ⇄ The following day/The next day
• Last night ⇄ The night before
• Last week ⇄ The week before
• A week ago ⇄ A week before
• A month ago ⇄ A month before
• Next week ⇄ The following week
• Next month ⇄ The following month
• Next year ⇄ The following year

Perubahan Pada Keterangan tempat

• (Direct ⇄ Indirect)
• This ⇄ That
• These ⇄ Those
• Here ⇄ There

◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌◌

•ᴥ• Direct and Indirect Pada Pernyataan

• Direct: Tara said to me “I do my homework every night.”
  Indirect: Tara said to me that she did her homework every night.

• Direct: Sisih told me “My family have visited Bali last week.”
  Indirect: Sisih told me that her family had visited Bali the week before.

•ᴥ• Direct and Indirect  Pada Kalimat Perintah

• Direct: My brother said to me "Turn off the radio".
  Indirect: My brother ordered me to turn off the radio.
• Direct: He said to his brother "Bring me some water, please".
  Indirect: He requested his brother to bring him some water.
• Direct: They said to me "You should study hard".
  Indirect: They advised me that I shoud study hard.
• Direct: He told to his brother "Consult a doctor as soon as possible".
  Indirect: He suggested his brother to consult a doctor as soon as possible.

•ᴥ• Direct and Indirect Pada Kalimat Larangan

• Direct: My mother told me "Don't throw the rubbish".
  Indirect: My mother forbade me to throw the rubbish.
  Indirect: My mother told me not to throw the rubbish.

•ᴥ• Direct and Indirect Pada Kalimat Tanya (Yes/No Question)

• Direct: He asked me "Have you seen my cat?"
  Indirect: He asked me wheter I had seen his cat.
• Direct: They asked us "Do you live in Tokyo?"
  Indirect: They asked us if we lived in Tokyo.

•ᴥ• Direct and Indirect Pada Kalimat Tanya (5W + 1H)

• Direct: He asked me "How can I make this delicious soup?"
  Indirect: He asked me how I could make that delicious soup.
• Direct: They asked us "Where did you go last week?"
  Indirect: They asked us where we had gone the week before.

┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄

DETAIL JAWABAN

⚜ Mapel: Bahasa Inggris

⚜ Kelas: XII (SMA)

⚜ Materi: Direct and reported speech

⚜ Kategorisasi: 12.05.06

#SamaSamaBelajar