Bogor Botanical Gardens was part of the Samida (man-made forest) that was established at least around the year when Sri Baduga Maharaja (Prabu Siliwangi, 1474-1513) ruled the Sundanese Kingdom, as written in the Batutulis inscription. This forest was created to protect seeds of rare trees. The forest, however, remained neglected after the Sundanese Kingdom was destroyed in the 16th century.In 1744, the Dutch East Indies Company established a garden and mansion at the site of the present Botanical Gardens in Buitenzorg (now known as Bogor). After the successfull
British invasion of Java in 1811, Stamford Raffles became the island's Lieutenant-Governor and took Buitenzorg Palace as his residence. During his rule, he lived in the palace and had the garden re-landscaped into an English Style garden. His wife, Olivia Mariamne Raffles, died in Buitenzorg in 1814 and buried in Batavia. A memorial monument was built in the garden, as a commemoration of her.

When the Netherlands Indies were returned to the Dutch rule in 1815, an extensive work of the garden was initiated by Java's Dutch Governor-General Gustaaf Willem and Baron van Imhoff who was the governor of Java at the time. A professor from the Atheneum Illustre in Amsterdam (the forerunner of the University, which came into aper existence much later, in 1876) was sent to Java. His name was C.G.L. Reinwardt, and his task was to promote research in natural science in the tropics and to report on the practical implications of such studies. He arrived in October 1815, and within two years was able to recommend the establishment of a botanic garden at Buitenzorg, to be named Lands Plantentuin.

The Garden itself was officially open in 1817 by the order of the government of Dutch East Indies. The Garden were used to research and develop plants and seeds from other parts of the Indonesian archipelago for cultivation during the 19th century. Since then the Garden thrived under the leadership of many renowned botanists and boost its reputation as a major center for botanical research until today.

1. How could it be said that Bogor Botanical Gardens was established under the rule of Prabu Siliwangi?

A. The archaeologists said so. B. It was mentioned in a journal of research.

C. It was written in the Batutulis inscription. D. There was a memorial monument in it.

E. There was information about it from witnesses.

2. The last paragraph talks about....
A.many research taking place in the botanic garden

B the roles of the botanic garden from its opening until the present days

C. the opening of the botanic garden ordered
by the government of Dutch East Indies

D. the botanic garden thriving under the leadership of many renowned botanists

E. the botanic garden's role for researching and developing plants and seeds from Indonesia

3. The underlined word in "Since then the Garden thrived under the leadership of many renowned botanists...." (last paragraph) is similar in meaning to

A. familiar

C. responsible

C.prominent

D. creative

E. innovative

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