Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the 1990s. From the beginning of the decade until the end, new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, work and communication became commonplace in the United States. The driving force behind much of this change was an innovation popularity known as the internet.Personal computers had become widespread by the end of the 1980s. Also available was the ability to connect these computers over loval and even national networks. Through a device called a modem , individual users could link their computers to a wealth of information using conventional phone lines. What lay beyond the individual computers was a vast of onformation known as cyberspace.


Upon its release in 1983 the Apple”Lisa” computer – named for one of its developer’s daughters – was supposed to revolutionize personal computing. But interest in “ Lisa” was minimal due to its nearly $10,000 price tag and the introduction of the much more affordable “Machintosh” a year later.


The internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In the case of an attack, millitary advisers suggested the advantage of being able to operate one computer from another terminal. In the early days, the internet was used mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists. The internet remained under government control unit 1984.


One early problem faced by internet users was speed. Phone lines could only transmit information at a limited rate. The development of fiberoptic cables allowed for billion of bits of information to be received every minute. Companies like INTEL developed faster microprocesssors, so personal computers could process the incoming signals at a more rapid rate.


8. Technological changes affected the following sectors, EXCEPT

(A) Communication

(B) Trade

(C) Study

(D) War


9. What is the main factor of technological changes?

(A) Driving force

(B) Internet

(C) Innovation

(D) Research


10. When did the technological changes exactly occur in the United States?

(A) 1990

(B) 1990-1999

(C) 1980

(D) 1883

11. Why does the author mention modem?

(A) To illustrate how Amarican connected to networks

(B) To cite the effort togain information

(C) To explain the way Amrican operated their computer

(D) Explain the way American accessed internet


12. What is cyberspace?

(A) Individual computers

(B) Personal computing

(C) Wide domain information from internet

(D) Online information


13. The word “its”in line 9 refers to?

(A) Apple Lisa

(B) Lisa

(C) Apple

(D) Computer


14. The following are true about Apple “Lisa” computer, EXCEPT

(A) It was expensive

(B) It was sold fewer than what was expected

(C) Macintosh became more popular than Lisa

(D) It is not sophisticated


15. In which lines does the author mention that was mostly utilized by scientists?

(A) 5-6

(B) 9-10

(C) 12-13

(D) 14-15


16. What is the advantage of fiber optic cables?

(A) To access unlimited information faster

(B) To process the computeron on time

(C) To developthed resarch

(D) To receive information every time