Jawaban:

The Carnot heat engine is famous in the world because it serves as the theoretical upper limit for the efficiency of any heat engine. The Carnot cycle is a theoretical thermodynamic cycle that describes the most efficient heat engine possible, in which the engine operates between two heat reservoirs at different temperatures, and no heat is exchanged with the environment during the operating cycle.

The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio of work output to heat input, and the Carnot cycle is the most efficient possible cycle because it has the highest possible efficiency for a given temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs.

The Carnot efficiency is given by the formula:

Efficiency = 1 - (Tcold/Thot)

where Tcold and Thot are the temperatures of the cold and hot reservoirs, respectively.

It is important to study the Carnot engine because it provides a benchmark for evaluating the efficiency of real-world heat engines, such as internal combustion engines and steam engines. By understanding the limitations of the Carnot engine, engineers can work to develop heat engines that approach the Carnot efficiency, through the use of new materials, design and optimization of the working fluid, and other means. This can lead to more efficient and sustainable energy systems, which are crucial in addressing global energy challenges.