a. The manager asked the secretary if she has typed the order letter.

b. My mother said to me that I must study harder for my examination.

Penjelasan:

Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct Speech

Direct speech (kalimat langsung) adalah kalimat yang mengandung ucapan langsung dari pembicara. Direct Speech ditandai dengan adanya tanda kutip di dalam kalimat yang merupakan kutipan asli pembicaraan seseorang.

Beberapa hal penting dari Direct speech yang perlu diperhatikan:

• Terdiri dari dua bagian: reported sentence (kalimat yang dilaporkan) dan reporting sentence (kalimat pelapor)

• Pada Direct Speech, di antara reporting sentence dan reported sentence dipisah dengan tanda koma.

• Reported sentence pada Direct Speech dituliskan di dalam tanda kutip.

• Posisi reporting sentence dapat diletakkan diakhir kalimat.

Indirect Speech

Indirect speech (kalimat tidak langsung) merupakan kalimat yang dibuat untuk menjelaskan secara tidak langsung perkataan seseorang kepada orang lain dalam sebuah kalimat. Susunan kalimat Indirect Speech akan memuat sebagian kalimat yang dikutip tapi dengan beberapa perubahan dengan sebuah kata penghubung tambahan.

Beberapa hal penting dari Indirect Speech yang perlu diperhatikan:

• Ada sebuah kata penghubung (conjunction) yang disisipkan diantara reporting sentence dan reported sentence.

• Tidak ada tanda kutip dalam indirect speech.

Direct Speech dan Indirect speech terdiri dari 3 jenis:

1. Command and request (Perintah dan permintaan)

2. Statement ( Pernyataan)

3. Question ( Pertanyaan)

Saat merubah Direct SpeechkeIndirect Speech, maka akan terjadi perubahan struktur tenses sebagai berikut:

Direct Speech                               Reported Speech

Simple Present                                Simple Past

Simple Past                                      Past Perfect

Present Perfect                                Past Perfect

will                                                     would

am/are/is                                           was/were

was/were                                          had been

has been                                           had been

Contoh:

1. Direct: My mother said, "I go to the mall to meet Lisa."

       Indirect: My mother said that she went to the mall to meet Lisa.

2. Direct: John said, "I am waiting for the bus."

       Indirect: John said that he was waiting for the bus.

3. Direct: My uncle said, “He will buy me a present.”

       Indirect: My uncle said that he would buy me a present.

4. Direct: Mary said, "I may meet you in the library."

       Indirect: Mary said that she might meet her in the library.

5. Direct: The bus driver said, “Are you a student?”

       Indirect: The bus driver said if I was a student.

6. Direct: The teacher asked, “How do you do that?”

       Indirect: The teached asked me how I did that.

7. Direct: Jack said, “Nothing to worry about”

       Indirect: Jack said that nothing to worry about.

8. Direct: The truck driver said, “I drove too slow.”

       Indirect: The truck driver said that I had driven too slow.

Pelajari lebihn lanjut:

Penjelasan tentang Direct dan Indirect Speech yomemimo.com/tugas/21017074?source=aid23567534

Penjelasan tentang Direct dan Indirect Speech yomemimo.com/tugas/21927812

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